|
 St.
Petersburg is the Roerichs' motherland. It was in this city that a unique
constellation of inspired, creative and seeking soles was born and developed.
Nicholas Konstantinovich was born under the protection of the Apostles
St. Andrew Pervozvanny and St. Nicholas of Myra and Lycia - in the house
on the University embankment, just opposite the Chapel of St. Nicholas,
attributed to St. Andrew's Cathedral. Here Nicholas Konstantinovich was
later baptized. Helena Ivanovna came to this world under the protection
of the greatest Saint in Russia, Sergi Radonezhsky, in the house on the
Sergievskaya street, close to St. Sergi's Cathedral "of all the artillery",
where she was later baptized. The first common address of Nicholas Konstantinovich
and Helena Ivanovna on the Galernaya street became the first St. Petersburg
address of the Roerich children - George and Svetoslav.
The necessity to found the Roerichs Museum in St. Petersburg
became vital long time ago. The first Roerichs Museum and the Society
of its friends were founded on the territory of the former Soviet Union,
in Riga, in the years of independency of the Baltic states. At the same
time the Pact support groups were established in Estonia and Lithuania.
As
it is widely known, starting from the end of 1930-ies the Roerichs tried
to return to their motherland. Only in 1957, the elder son, G.N. Roerich,
the well-known orientalist, succeeded in coming back to Russia after the
death of Nicholas Konstantinovich and Helena Ivanovna. While living in
Moscow and being the head of the Oriental Institute, George Nicholaevich
spent huge efforts on organizing the Museum of N.K.Roerich in Leningrad,
the Roerichs' native city.
The works of art, things and documents from the huge collection brought
by George Nicholaevich to the Soviet Union, as well as documents, memorial
things, things and furniture from their former apartment on the Moika
river embankment, preserved in Leningrad by the Mitusov family should
have made up the main part of the exposition. (Stepan Stepanovich Mitusov
(1878-1942), the cousin of Helena Ivanovna Roerich, was the closest friend
and employee of Nicholas Konstantinovich Roerich in the School of Drawing
of the Imperial Society for Encouragement of Arts).
It was the will of N.K. Roerich and H.I. Roerich. Part of the brought
art collection was intended for museums of Moscow, Novosibirsk and some
other cities of Russia.
However,
S.S.Mitusov and his family preserved for future not only the cultural
heritage of the leaving epoch (including the Roerich heritage), but also
the works of culture and its unique spirit. Keeping close links with the
New York Museum, Mitusov took active part in preparing the second step
of the Roerich Central Asian expedition, after meeting Nicholas Konstantinovich
and Helena Ivanovna in Moscow in 1926. It was then that he got from the
Roerichs some things and documents, which he appreciated a lot, as well
as some material support. In due time Mitusov handed over part of the
Roerichs' things, paintings and documents to the brother of Nicholas Konstantinovich
Roerich - B.K. Roerich, which caused displeasure among the Roerichs. Later
on some documents from this collection enriched the funds of the State
Tretyakov Gallery. Part of the Mitusov's archives and furniture was destroyed
during the siege of Leningrad. The siege also took the lives of the members
of once a big family. Only the middle and younger daughters of Stepan
Stepanovich - Ludmila and Tatiana - survived. It was in 1927 that Ludmila
Stepanovna Mitusova got acquainted with Zinaida Grigorievna Lichtman (Fosdik),
who later on became the Head of the Roerich Museum in New York. Since
then and till the last days of Zinaida Grigorievna they were in close
correspondence. "You have taken the responsibility to fulfil part
of the vows of Nicholas Konstantinovich", wrote Stepan Stepanovich
to his middle daughter in 1933 from Hibinogorsk, where he was arranging
the Workers' Conservatoire at that time.
"We will get what we wish", G.N. Roerich used to say to L.S
Mitusova in 1960 about the Museum of N.K.Roerich in Leningrad. By that
time he had gained the approval of the Ministry of Culture of the USSR
on its founding. An intensive correspondence started; the Geographic Society
as well as other organizations took active part in the preparation of
the Museum opening. Leningrad authorities also joined the process. However
a sudden death of George Nicholaevich Roerich interfered and this vital
issue was not finally resolved. In such conditions the organization of
the Museum-Estate of N.K. Roerich in Izvara became a certain achievement.
The contribution of the sisters Mitusov became the basis for the collection
of genuine things, without which the museum would not have been opened
in 1984. Some documents and items of the Mitusovs' collection were also
transferred to the State Museum of the History of Literature, Art and
Culture of the Altai (Barnaul), The State Public Library in Leningrad
and to the State Russian Museum.
In 1970-ies the last member of the Roerich family alive - artist Svetoslav
Nicholaevich Roerich, continued the work on the museum establishment,
first of all attracting to the process figures of art and science. His
appeals to the Academy of Sciences, Academy of Arts and Leningrad authorities
helped to preserve the family things of the Roerichs. However, the issue
of the Museum of N.K. Roerich and his family in St. Petersburg has been
open till now. Documentary fund, preserved by 1998 by a group of scientists
and employees of St. Petersburg State University and Memorial Collection
of S.S.Mitusov, served as the basis for publishing a scientific and artistic
periodical of the University "St. Petersburg Roerichs Collection".
The Roerich Centre of the University was founded on its basis in 2000,
and a work group on the museum founding was formed. The main concept of
the future museum is the Roerich idea about a Museum (in a broad sense).
A museum is not only the collection of things that have artistic, historical
or some other cultural value, but first of all it is a House, Abode of
Muses of all forms and trends of the human creativity, their Unity as
the proof of the spiritual unity of the mankind and its internal aspiration
towards perfection and creativity, aspiration for the Beauty. And by all
means, the Roerich Museum should become such an "abode of all forms
of the Beauty and not only to preserve these or those examples, but to
use them for life and creation" (N.K.Roerich). Thus, taking into
account the variety of lives and creative activities of Nicholas Konstantinovich,
Helena Ivanovna, George Nicholaevich and Svetoslav Nicholaevich Roerich,
this must be the Roerichs Family Museum and Institution.
In
2001 there was a 100th anniversary of the Roerichs' marriage (28 October,
old style). And in the centennial year of birth of this wonderful family
the Roerich Family Museum and Institute was founded in their native city
- St. Petersburg.
The project elaborated by St.
Petersburg State University, its Roerich
Centre and the International
Charity Fund "The Roerich Heritage" got the approval of
the Administration of St. Petersburg, as well as of a number of scientific
and public organizations. L.A. Verbitskaya, Rector of St. Petersburg State
University, sent her special appeal to the Museum. V.A. Yakovlev, Governor
of St. Petersburg, expressed his support in his welcome speech. Currently
the issue of allocating a separate building for the museum in the historic
part of the city is under consideration. According to the project, the
heritage preserved by L.S.Mitusova and her family will make up the basis
of the memorial exposition. However, already now a number of owners of
private collections have handed over artistic and other items to the museum.
The International Charity Fund "The Roerich Heritage" is taking
the responsibility to provide financial and other support of the current
museum activities.
Thus the Roerichs' ideas have been returning to their
sources, and the "genetic" continuity has been recreated in
the cultural and historical space of the cultural capital of Russia.
Time has come when the native city and the native walls of the Roerichs
become a worthy frame for a beautiful picture - the rich creativity
of the great family.
|
|